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发信人: dyj (reaction), 信区: EnglishTest 标 题: 3人物性格 发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Thu May 24 15:59:47 2001) 反义关系 总是说某人表面如何,其实本质又如何;或者平时如何,特殊时如何 (广义反义关系) 褒 吝啬与节俭 Among the many----of the project, expense cannot be numbered; the goals of the project's promoters can be achieved with impressive----. highlights.. efficiency features.. savings disadvantages.. innovation claims.. speed defects.. economy ------------------------ 答案:(E) number: v.包括有,拥有,把…包括在内,把…归类 promoter: n.1.倡导者 2.发动人,创办人,推销商,承包人 highlight: n.最突出(精采)的部分,最重要的事件(时刻) efficiency: n.效率,效能,功效 savings: n.储蓄金,存款,(收支两抵后的)积余 defect: n.1.缺点,缺陷,瑕疵 2.缺少,欠缺 economy: n.节约,省俭 在这个项目的诸多缺陷当中,花费开支不应被囊括在内;该项目承办者的目标 是能够以予人深刻印象的节俭得到实现。 Her----should not be confused with miserliness; as long as I have known her, she has always been willing to assist those who are in need. intemperance intolerance apprehension diffidence frugality ------------------------ 答案:(E) miserliness: n.贪财,爱钱如命,吝啬,小气 As long as I Know: 就我所知 assist: v.帮助,救助 in need: a.需要中的,贫困的,困难中的 intemperance: n.无节制,过度,放纵 intolerance: n.不容忍;不宽容,不容异说,偏狭,偏执 apprehension: n.1.忧虑,疑慎 2.逮捕,拘押 3.理解(力) diffidence: n.1.缺乏自信,畏缩,胆怯 2.谦虚 frugality: n.节省,俭省 她的节俭不应与吝啬混为一谈;就我所知,她总是乐于救助那些贫困者。 The old man could not have been accused of---- his affection; his conduct toward the child betrayed his----her. lavishing.. fondness for sparing.. tolerance of rationing.. antipathy for stinting.. adoration of promising.. dislike of ------------------------ 答案:(D) affection: n.1.喜爱,慈爱 2.爱慕,钟爱之情 betray: v.1.背叛,辜负 2.泄露,(非故意地)暴露,显露,表现 lavish: v.滥施,过分慷慨地给予,浪费 spare: v.1.宽恕,赦免 2.(否定句中)节约,吝惜 ration: v.定量供应,俭约地使用,节制,约束 antipathy: n.1.反感,厌恶 2.厌憎的对象 stint: v.使节省,对…吝惜 adoration: n.崇拜,敬爱,热烈的倾慕 这位老人不能被指责吝惜其爱心;他对孩子的所作所为显露出他对她的挚爱。 娴静对激动 The paradoxical aspect of the myths about Demeter, when we consider the predominant image of her as a tranquil and serene goddess, is her----search for her daughter. extended agitated comprehensive motiveless heartless ------------------------ 答案:(B) paradoxical: a.1.似非而是的,佯谬的 2.自相矛盾的 3.悖理的,反常的 predominant: a.1.占主导(支配)地位的 2.占绝对优势的,普遍的,显著的 tranquil: a.1.平静的,安宁的 2.稳定的,静止的 serene: a.1.安详的,宁(平)静的 2.晴朗的,清澈的 extended: a.延续的,长的,广泛的 agitated: a.激动的,狂躁不安的,焦虑的 comprehensive: a.1.广泛的,无所不在的,综合的 2.(有)理解力的 motiveless: a.无动机的,无目的的 heartless: a.1.无情的,狠心的,残忍的 2.没精打采的 有关得墨忒耳的神话,其矛盾的一面是,当我们考虑到其主体形象乃一位恬静 和安详的女神,在寻觅她女儿时却显得焦躁不安。 As painted by Constable, the scene is not one of bucolic----; rather it shows a striking emotional and intellectual----. intensity.. boredom complacence.. detachment serenity.. tension vitality.. excitement nostalgia.. placidity ------------------------ 答案:(C) bucolic: a.1.牧人的 2.田园(牧歌)式的,乡村的 atriking: a.惹人注目的,显著的,突出的 boredom: n.厌烦(倦),乏味,无聊 complacence: n.自满,沾沾自喜,满足 detachment: n.超脱,公正,不偏不倚 serenity: n.1.平静,安详,宁静 2.清澈,明朗 tension: n.绷紧,紧张,紧张势态 vitality: n.1.生命力,生机,活力 2.生存力,持久力 3.生动性,有力性 nostalgia: n.1.思乡病 2.恋旧,怀旧 placidity: n.宁静,平静,温和 正如由康斯坦布尔所描绘的那样,风景并不是一片田园牧歌式的恬静;恰恰相 反,它展现出一种惹人注目的情感和理智上的紧张骚动。 内向对外向 Although----, almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays and essays a strong----publicity and controversy. conventional.. interest in monotonous.. reliance on shy.. aversion toward retiring.. penchant for evasive.. impatience with ------------------------ 答案:(D) self-effacing: a.自我谦避,自我轻视的=diffidence: n.1.缺乏自信,畏缩,胆怯 2 .谦虚 essay: n.论文,散文,小品文 publicity: n.1.公众的注意,名声 2.宣传,张扬 3.广告,宣传品 aversion: n.1.厌恶,反感 2.讨厌的人或事 conventional: a.1.习惯的,常例的 2.符合传统的,因袭的,陈腐的 monotonous: a.单调的,毫无变化的 retiring: a.1.行将退离的 2.离群索居的,沉默寡言的,内向腼腆的 penchant: n.1.强烈的倾向 2.偏好,爱好 evasive: a.1.逃避的,推托的 2.难以捉摸的,易消失的 尽管此君在其私人生活中显得内向腼腆,几近自我谦避,但在其剧作和文章中 却展现出一种对声名和论争的强烈癖好。 严肃对和蔼 At first, I found her gravity rather intimidating; but, as I saw more of her, I found that----was very near the surface. seriousness confidence laughter poise determination ------------------------ 答案:(C) near the surface区别于on the surface gravity: n.严肃,庄严,严重,严峻的形势 intimidation: a.恫吓的,恐吓的,威胁的,令人害怕的 poise: v.1.镇定(静) 2.平静,宁静 3.(头、身体等的)姿势,姿态 4.平衡,均衡 determination: n.1.坚定,果断,决断力 2.决心 3.确定,测定 起初,我发现她严肃正经的模样相当令人望而生畏;但是,随着我与她相见的 次数日趋增多,我发现她的笑意非常贴近表面,极易溢于言表。 友善对敌意 Their mutual teasing seemed----, but in fact it---- a long-standing hostility. aimless.. produced friendly.. masked playful.. contravened bitter.. revealed clever.. averted ------------------------ 答案:(B) teasing: n.戏弄,逗弄,取笑 long-standing: a.持续很长时间内,为时甚久的 hostility: n.1.敌意,敌对,对抗 2.战争状态,战斗 3.反对,抵制 4.敌对事件 playful: a.1.嬉戏的 2.闹着玩的,开玩笑的,不当真的 contravene: v.1.违反,触犯(法律) 2.否认,反驳 3.抵触,与…冲突 bitter: a.1.有苦味的,苦的 2.令人不愉快的,难以接受的 3.流露心头痛苦的 4.充满仇恨 avert: v.挡开,防止,避免,消除,转移 他们的相互逗趣似乎显得友善,但事实上它却掩饰着一种为时甚久的敌意。 He never ---- the wisdom I had claimed for him, and my friends quickly dismissed my estimate of his ability as ----. repudiated.. irony inhibited .. propaganda demonstrated.. hyperbole masked.. exaggeration vindicated.. understatement ------------------------ 答案:(C) dismiss: v.1.打发…,离开 2.免…职,解雇开除 3.消除,不考虑 4.驳回,对… 不予受理 repudiate: v.1.与(妻)离婚,遗弃(妻子),抛弃(孩子)与…断绝关系 2.拒绝接 受,否认…的权威,否定 3.拒付(债款) irony: n.冷嘲,反讽 inhibit: v.1.禁止,阻止 2.抑制,约束 propaganda: n.1.宣传机构(组织) 2.宣传;宣传方法;宣传运动 demonstrate: v.1.论证,证实 2.(用实例…等)说明,表演 3.表明,表示(感谢) hyperbole: n.(修辞)夸张法 mask: v.1.戴面具 2.掩饰,伪装,遮蔽 exaggeration: n.1.夸张,夸大 2.浮夸 3.夸张的言语(手法) vindicate: v.1.维护 2.为…辩护,辩白 3.证明…正确 understatement: n.不充分的陈述,打折扣的报道,轻描淡写 他从不曾展现出我为他所宣称的那种智慧,因此,我的朋友很快对我就他的能 力所作的判断表示不悄一顾,认为我的判断纯属言过其实的夸张。 渴望与冷淡 Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously----. meditative tepid categorical unoriginal insightful ------------------------ 答案:(B) yearn: v.渴望,热切企盼,思慕,向往 curiously: adv.1.好奇地 2.奇特地,离奇古怪地,稀奇地 meditative: a.沉思冥想的 tepid: a.1.微温的 2.不热烈的,不热情的 categorical: a.1.绝对的,无条件的 2.类的,范畴的 insightful: a.富有洞察力的,有深刻见解的 考虑到那么长期以来她一直渴望着一睹意大利的风采,她最初的反应显得不冷不热,这 不 免令人倍感蹊跷。 热情与敷衍 Although Johnson----great enthusiasm for his employees' project, in reality his interest in the project was so----as to be almost nonexistent. generated.. redundant displayed.. preemptive expected.. indiscriminate feigned.. perfunctory demanded.. dispassionate ------------------------ 答案:(D) aenerate:v.1.产生,发生 2.造成,导致,引起,使存在 3.生殖,繁育 redundant: a.1.过多的,过剩的 2.累赘的,冗余的 3.千篇一律的 display: v.1.展示,表演 2.展览,陈列 preemptive: a.1.有优先购买(权)的 2.抢先的,先发制人的 indiscriminate: a.1.不加区别的,无选择的 2.任意的,任性的 feign: v.1.假装 2.捏造,伪造,虚构 perfunctory: a.敷衍的,马虎的,得过且过的 dispassionate: a.不动感情的,冷静的,不带偏见的 尽管约翰逊对雇员的项目假装出莫大的热情,但事实上,他对这些项目的兴趣 是如此的敷衍了事,以致于几近荡然无存的地步。 愤怒 Although their initial anger had----somewhat, they continued to----the careless worker who had broken the machine. blazed.. assail diminished.. appease abated.. berate subsided.. condone intensified.. torment ------------------------ 答案:(C) initial: a.开始的,最初的 blaze: v.1.熊熊燃烧,闪耀 2.迸发 3.炫耀 assail: v.1.袭击,攻击 2.质问,责骂 appease: v.1.平息抚慰 2.缓解,使…得以满足 abate: v.减缓 berate: v.痛斥,严责 subside: v.1.退落,消退 2.平息,缓和 3.沉淀 condone: v.1.宽恕,容忍 2.抵消(过失等) 尽管他们最初的怒气有所减缓,但他们依然对那个弄坏了机器的粗心大意的工 人厉加斥责。 怀疑-鬼子很重视信 Although ordinarily skeptical about the purity of Robinson's motives, in this instance Jenkins did not consider Robinson's generosity to be ---- consideration of personal gain. lacking in contrary to alloyed with mitigated by repudiated by ------------------------ 答案:(C) skeptical: a.1.惯于(或倾向于)怀疑的 2.表示怀疑的(about) 3.怀疑宗教的 purity: n.1.纯(洁)净;清洁 2.清白;贞洁 motive: n.1.动机;缘由;目的 2.中心思想,主题 generosity: n.1.慷慨,大方 2.胸怀宽阔;豪爽;无偏见,慷慨(宽大)的行为 contrary to: a.相反的;对抗的 alloy: v.1.把…铸成合金 2.掺加(杂质);(通过掺杂作用)影响到 mitigate: v.1.使缓和(温和) 2.减轻(苦痛)等 repudiate: v.1.拒绝;拒绝接受(覆行) 2.否认,驳斥,批驳 3.声明与…脱离关系 尽管詹金斯通常对鲁滨逊的动机之纯洁性持一种怀疑的态度,但在这一情形中 ,詹金斯并不认为鲁滨逊的慷慨大方中掺杂着个人得失的考虑。 谎言重复千遍即是真理 Rumors, embroidered with detail, live on for years, neither denied nor confirmed, until they become accepted as fact even among people not known for their----. insight obstinacy introspection tolerance credulity ------------------------ 答案:(E) rumor: n.谣言,传闻 embroider: v.1.在…刺绣 2.对(叙述)添枝加叶,渲染,对…加以修饰,润饰,夸张 insight: n.洞察力,深刻见解 obstinacy: n.固执,倔强,顽固 introspection: n.内省,自省,反省 credulity: n.轻信,易受骗 谣言,经过用细节添枝加叶地渲染之后,年复一年地存在下来,既不被人否定 ,亦不被人肯定,直到最后,即使在那些并非以轻信而著称的人们中间,也被 当作事实而信以为真。 People should not be praised for their virtue if they lack the energy to be----; in such cases, goodness is merely the effect of----. depraved.. hesitation cruel.. effortlessness wicked.. indolence unjust.. boredom iniquitous.. impiety ------------------------ 答案:(C) depraved: a.堕落的,腐化的,道德败坏的 effortlessness: n.容易,不费吹灰之力,轻而易举 wicked: a.坏的,邪恶的,罪恶的,缺德的 indolence: n.懒惰,惰性,好逸恶劳,懒散 unjust: a.非正义的,不合理的,不公正的,不公平的 boredom: n.厌烦,厌倦,乏味,无聊 iniquitous: a.极不公正的,邪恶的,罪恶的 impiety: n.1.不虔诚,不敬神,邪恶 2.不恭,不孝 人们不应该因其美德而受到赞誉,如果他们缺乏作恶的能量的话;在此类情形 中,善这一美德仅仅是惰性所致。 Although his attempts to appear psychotic were so----as to be almost----, there is evidence that Ezra Pound was able to avoid standing trial for treason merely by faking symptoms of mental illness. spontaneous.. amusing contrived.. believable clumsy.. ludicrous stylized.. distressing sporadic.. premeditated ------------------------ 答案:(C) psychotic: a.精神病的,精神错乱的 stand trial: v.接受审判 trial for treason: n.叛国罪审判 fake: v.1.伪造,捏造 2.假装 symptom: n.1.征候,征兆 2.症状 mental illness: n.精神病,神经病 spontaneous: a.1.自发的,不由自主的 2.自然的,天真率直的 contrived: a.人工制成的,不自然的,非即兴而发的 clumsy: a.笨拙的,不得体的,制作粗陋的 ludicrous: a.滑稽有趣的,荒唐可笑的 stylized: a.程式化的,格式化的 sporadic: a.1.断断续续的,零散的 2.孤立的,个别的,偶发的 premeditated: a.预先考虑(策划)的;预谋的,蓄意的 尽管他试图装疯弄傻的举止是如此之笨拙,以致于显得近乎荒唐可笑,但仍有 证据表明,埃兹拉·庞德仍然是通过伪装精神病症状而得以逃脱接受叛国罪的 审判。 同义关系 因为某人如何的性格,去如何做。或者反过来,从他如何做看出他。。。 (广义同义关系) 诚信与欺诈 Since she believed him to be both candid and trustworthy, she refused to consider the possibility that his statement had been----. irrelevant facetious mistaken critical insincere ------------------------ 答案:(E) candid: a.1.坦率的,直率而诚恳的,直言不讳的 2.不偏不倚的,公正的 trustworthy: a.值得信任的,可信的,可靠的 statement: n.1.陈述,说明,叙述 2.(正式的)声明 irrelevant: a.1.不相关的,不中肯的,不切题的,离题的 2.不重要的,无意义的 facetious: a.好开玩笑的,滑稽的,诙谐的 既然她深信她不仅仅是坦诚的,而且也是值得信赖的,因此,她拒不考虑他所 做的陈述是不真诚的这一可能性。 Although he attempted repeatedly to----her of her conviction of his insincerity, he was not successful; she remained----in her judgment. remind.. forceful convince.. unfeigned exorcise.. indulgent disabuse.. adamant free.. unsure ------------------------ 答案:(D) conviction: n.1.定罪,判罪 2.说服,信服 3.确信,深信 4.自悔 unfeigned: a.非假装的,真诚(实)的,真正的 exorcise: v.1.(用符咒、祈祷或仪式)驱除,祓除(邪魔) 2.给…洗罪,(某人、某 地)驱除邪魔 3.消除,除去(恼人的、危险的或难以忍受的事物) indulgent: a.纵容的,放纵的,溺爱的 disabuse: a.去除…的谬误,使省悟(of) adamant: a.1.坚硬的 2.坚强的,坚定不移的 free: v.1.使自由,解放 2.使解脱出来 3.使摆脱,使去掉 尽管他反复多次地试图打消她对他不真诚的深信不疑,但他没能取得成功,她 依然毫不动摇地坚持自己的判断。 His imperturbability in the face of evidence indicating his deliberate fraud failed to reassure supporters of his essential----; instead, it suggested a talent for----that they had never suspected. culpability.. intrigue wisdom.. reproof remorse.. loquacity probity.. guile combativeness.. compromise ------------------------ 答案:(D) imperturbability: n.不易激动;沉着冷静 fraud: n.欺骗,诡计 reassure sb. of sth.: v.使某人对某事确信不疑 culpability: n.犯错误,犯法,犯罪 intrigue: n.1.阴谋,诡计,密谋,谋划 2.私通 3.复杂的情节,吸引力 reproof: n.1.责备;指摘;申斥 2.责备之词 remorse: n.痛恨,悔恨;自责 loquacity: n.多话,饶舌,喋喋不休 probity: n.德行;正直;笃实 guile: n.狡诈,奸猾;诈骗 combativeness: n.好斗,好事,好战 他在那些表明他蓄意欺骗的证据面前所展现出来的沉着冷静并没能使其支持者 确信其本质上的德行;相反,它暗示出他的某种欺诈禀赋,而对于这一点他们 迄今还不曾有过丝毫的猜疑。 愤世-信任的反面 He was widely regarded as a ---- man because he revealed daily his distrust of human nature and human motives. disrespectful cynical confused misinformed fanatical ------------------------ 答案:(B) Cynics believe that people who----compliments do so in order to be praised twice. bask in give out despair of gloat over shrug off ------------------------ 答案:(E) cynic: n.1.犬儒主义者 2.玩世不恭者,愤世嫉俗者 compliment: n.1.赞美(话),恭维(话),溢美之辞 2.敬意,贺词,问候 bask(in): v.1.取暖 2.感到舒适,获得乐趣 gloat(over): v.1.爱慕的凝视,念婪地盯着 2.幸灾乐祸(或心满意足地)注视 shrug off: v.1.耸肩对…表示轻蔑或(不屑理睬),对…满不在乎 2.摆脱,抖落 愤世嫉俗者相信,有些人对他人的恭维示以轻蔑不屑,这样做的目的正是为了再度获得 赞誉。 Air即是空,不足信 Their air of cheerful self-sacrifice and endless complaisance won them undeserved praise, for their seeming gallantry was wholly motivated by a----wish to avoid conflict of any sort. poignant sincere plaintive laudable craven ------------------------ 答案:(E) air: n.1.神态,样子 2.气氛,外观 3.(复)做作的姿态,不自然的态度 complaisance: 1.殷勤;讨好,恳切 2.顺从 undeserved: a.(赏,罚)不该受的,不该当的 seeming: a.表面上的,貌似真实而其实未必的 gallantry: n.1.勇武,豪侠,英勇行为 2.谦恭有礼 3.殷勤,风流韵事 poignant: a.1.令人痛苦的 2.深刻的,尖锐的 3.切当的 plaintive: a.伤心的,悲哀的 laudable: a.值得赞美(或称赞)的 craven: a.怯懦的,胆小的 他们那种快乐的自我牺牲和无尽的殷勤样子为他们赢得了受之有愧的赞誉,因 为他们表面上的勇侠谦恭全然出于一个动机,那就是一种懦弱的愿望,以期避 免任何性质的冲突。 Crosby's colleagues have never learned, at least not in time to avoid embarrassing themselves, that her occasional----air of befuddlement----a display of her formidable intelligence. genuine.. dominates alert.. contradicts acute.. precludes bogus.. presages painstaking.. succeeds ------------------------ 答案:(D) embarrass: v.1.使窘,使尴尬,使局促不安 2.妨碍,阻碍 air: n.1.外观,神态 2.故作的姿态,架子 befuddle ment: n.1.糊涂,迷惑不解,昏沉 2.烂醉 formidable: a.1.可怕的,令人畏慎的 2.难以克服(对付)的 3.令人钦佩的,优秀的 genuine: a.1.真的,名副其实的 2.真诚的,真实的 alert: a.1.警觉(惕)的,注意的 2.活泼的,敏捷的 acute: a.1.尖锐的,敏锐的 2.剧烈的,激烈的 3.严重的 preclude: v.1.排除,杜绝 2.阻止,妨碍 bogus: a.假冒的,伪造的 presage: v.1.预示(兆) 2.预感(知) 3.预先警告,预言 succeed: v.1.接着发生,接续 2.继承,继任 克劳斯比的同事们不曾明白--至少没能及时地明白过来从而得以避免陷入使自 己难堪的窘境--她那偶然假冒的一副糊涂的模样,实则上预示着卓越智力的展 露。 假正经-欲盖弥彰 Prudery actually draws attention to the vice it is supposed to----; the very act that forbids speech or prohibits sight----what is hidden. condemn.. distorts monitor.. signals repress.. dramatizes obviate.. fosters divulge.. conceals ------------------------ 答案:(C) prudery: n.过分拘谨,故作正经,假道学 prohibit: v.1.禁止 2.妨碍,阻止,使不可能 distort: v.1.扭歪(曲),使变形 2.歪曲,曲解 monitor: v.1.监控 2.监听 3.监测,检测 4.监视 repress: v.1.抑制,压制,约束 2.镇压,平息,制止 dramatize: v.1.改编成戏剧,用戏剧形式表现 2.戏剧性地描述,生动地表述,使引人 注目 obviate: v.1.排除,消除 2.使成为不必要,避免 foster: v.1.培养,促进,鼓励,助长 2.养育,收养,照料 divulge: v.泄漏(秘密等)、 故作正经实际上反倒让人们注意到那种它理应加以遏制的罪孽,杜绝言语或禁 止观瞻这类行为本身只能使那些本来隐而不露的事物变得惹人注目。 Prudery例证一个 The English novelist William Thackeray considered the cult of the criminal so dangerous that he criticized Dickens' Oliver Twist for making the characters in the thieves' kitchen so----. threatening riveting conniving fearsome irritating ------------------------ 答案:(B) cult: n.膜拜,狂热,崇拜,迷信 criminal: a.1.犯罪的,犯法的 2.刑事的 3.犯有罪行的 4.犯罪的 character: n.1.性质,特性,特色 2.品德 3.自我约束,勇气,毅力 4.品德评语 riveting: a.饶有兴味的,非常动听的,强力吸引人的 connive: v.1.默许,纵容 2.共谋,密谋,取得默契 rearsome: a.可怕的,畏怯的 irritating: a.令人不愉快的,恼人的,烦恼的 英国小说家威廉·萨克雷将犯罪崇拜视作如此之危险,以致于他批评狄更斯的 《雾都孤儿》将窃贼厨房里的人物表现得那样引人入胜。以上诸条都与一个信 字有关,没想到鬼子这么重然诺。 友善与捐助 Queen Elizabeth I has quite correctly been called a ----of the arts, because many young artists received her patronage. connoisseur critic friend scourge judge ------------------------ 答案:(C) patron: n.(艺术家,作家的)资助人,赞助人,庇护人 patronage: n.1.资助,赞助, 2.恩惠,优遇 connoisseur: n.(艺术)鉴赏家,行家 scourge: n.1.(用作刑具的)鞭子 2.天谴,灾祸,严厉的惩罚 伊丽莎白一世女王当之无愧地被称作艺术的挚友,因为许多的年轻艺术家都曾 接受过她的资助。 道义责任 Having no sense of moral obligation, Shipler was as little subject to the----of conscience after he acted as he was motivated by its----before he acted. rewards.. chastisement balm.. eloquence reproaches.. prompting ridicule.. allure qualms.. atonement ------------------------ 答案:(C) obligation: n.1.(法律上或道义的)义务,责任 2.施加义务(或责任),束缚 3.债 务 be subject to: v.接受…的,将会…的,由…决定的 conscience: n.良心,道德心 motivate: v.1.使有动机,激起(行动) 2.激发…的积极性 3.使生动有趣 chastisement: n.惩戒,责罚,申斥,严厉批评,责骂 balm: n.1.香膏 2.安慰(物) 3.芳香 事后reproach: n.责备,指谪,斥责 事前prompting: n.敦促,推动,激励,鼓舞 ridicule: n.嘲笑,戏弄 allure: n.诱惑力,魅力 qualm: n.1.疑惧,忧虑 2.内疚,良心责备 atonement: n.补偿,赎罪 由于根本不具任何道义感,因此希普勒在行动之后很少接受良心的谴责,一如 他在行动之前很少会以良心的激励驱动而构成其行为动机那样。 If animal parents were judged by human standards, the cuckoo would be one of nature's more----creatures, blithely laying its eggs in the nests of other birds, and leaving the incubating and nurturing to them. mettlesome industrious domestic lackluster feckless ------------------------ 答案:(E) cuckoo: n.1.杜鹃 2.(俚)傻子,疯人 blithely: adv.1.欢乐愉快地 2.漫不经心地,无忧无虑地 incubating: n.1.孵化 2.酝酿,培养 mettlesome: a.精神抖擞的,有勇气的,有生气的 industrious: a.勤奋的,常年不闲的 lackluster: a.1.无光泽的 2.无生气的,平凡的 feckless: a.1.无效的,效率低的 2.不负责任的,懒惰的 3.没精打彩的 如果按人类的标准来评判动物亲代的话,杜鹃无疑是自然界中比较缺乏责任心 的一种动物,漫不经心地将蛋产于其它鸟类的巢内,并将孵化和喂养留给它们 。 有待整理 Our young people, whose ---- sensitivities have not yet become ----, have a purer and more immediate response than we do to our environment. native.. excited keen.. calloused dull.. numbed impartial.. objective sophisticated.. perceptive calloused= numbed ------------------------ 答案:(B) The Muses are----deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms. rueful ingenuous solicitous vindictive dispassionate ------------------------ 答案:(D) Muses: n.缪斯女神(希腊神话中司文艺和科学的9位女神) Deity: n.神,女神,神性,被奉若神明的人,(D~)上帝 Avenge oneself on sb.: v.使自己去对他人实施报复 Without mercy: adv.毫无慈悲地,毫不怜悯地,不宽容地 Weary: v.对…感到厌倦,不耐烦 Rueful: a.1.后悔的,悔恨的 2.悲惨的,引人同情的 ingenuous: a.坦诚的,真诚的,单纯的,天真无邪的,胸无城府的 solicitous: a.1.关心的,担忧的 2.渴望的,热切的 3.讲究的 vindictive: a.1.立志要复仇的,报复性的 2.怀恨的,恶意的 3.惩罚性的 dispassionate: a.不动感情的,冷静的,不带偏见的 缪斯女神们是复仇心极强的女神:对那些敢于厌倦其魅力的人,她们毫不留情地予以报 复。 Employees had become so inured to the caprices of top management's personnel policies that they greeted the announcement of a company-wide dress code with----. astonishment impassivity resentment apprehension confusion ------------------------ 答案:(B) be inured to: v.习惯于,适应于 caprice: 1.(行动或思想的)突然变化,奇想,怪念头 2.变幻莫测,反复无常 3.幻 想力丰富的艺术作品。 management: n.管理部门(人员),经理部,资方 greet: v.(以特定方式)接受,对…作出反应 Code: n.1.法典(规) 2.准则,规范,道德标准 Astonishment: n.惊讶,惊愕,令人吃惊的事物 Impassivity: n.1.无动于衷,冷漠 2.无感觉,麻木 Resentment: n.忿恨,怨恨,愤慨 Apprehension: n.1.恐惧,疑虑 2.逮捕,拘押 3.理解,领悟 雇员们对高层管理部分人事决策方面的诸般奇思怪想已变得如此的适应习惯, 以致于他们对要在整个公司上下推行着装规范这一宣布报以无动于衷、麻木不 仁的反应。 The tone of Jane Carlyle's letter is guarded, and her feelings are always----by the wit and pride that made----plea for sympathy impossible for her. masked.. a direct bolstered.. a needless controlled.. a circumspect enhanced.. an intentional colored.. an untimely ------------------------ 答案:(A) guarded: a.1.警戒监视着的 2.谨慎的,有保留的,小心提防的 wit: n.1.风趣,妙语 2.颖悟 3.机智 plea: n.1.恳求 2.托辞 3.申辩 bolster: v.1.(用支撑物)支撑,支承,加固 2.支持,提高 controlled: a.受制的;有节制的 circumspect: a.谨慎小心的;慎重的;仔细的 untimely: a.1.不适时的;不合时令的 2.过早发生的 珍妮·卡莱尔信札的语调显得小心谨慎,她的感情由于巧妙的措辞与自尊心而 总是隐而不露,从而使她不能直接请求他人的怜悯。 Ever prey to vagrant impulses that impelled him to----his talents on a host of unworthy projects, his very----nonetheless enhanced his reputation, for the sheer energy of his extravagance dazzled observers. undermine.. enthusiasm isolate.. selectiveness display.. affability squander.. dissipation implicate.. genius ------------------------ 答案:(D) prey(to): n.1.被捕食的动物,捕获物 2.(喻)牺牲品,牺牲者 vagrant: a.1.流浪(者)的,漂泊的 2.无常的,游移不定的 impulse: n.1.推动,冲力 2.冲动,刺激 impel: v.1.推动,激励 2.驱使,迫使,促使 a host of: n.许多,一系列 unworthy: a.1.无价值的,拙劣的,卑鄙可耻的 2.不值得的,与…不相称的 sheer: a.1.全然的,十足的,彻底的,绝对的 2.纯粹的 extravagance: n.1.奢侈,铺张,浪费,过度,无节制 2.放肆 dazzle: v.1.(强光等)使目眩,使眼花,耀眼 2.使昏眩,使赞叹不已,使倾倒 affability: n.1.和蔼可亲 2.(气候)宜人惬意 squander: v.1.浪费,滥用,挥霍 2.使分散,驱散 dissipation: n.1.浪费,消耗 2.放荡,乱闹 3.驱(消)散 implicate: v.1.含有…有意思 2.使某人牵连于(罪行) 他时时刻刻都成为各种乖戾无常的冲动的牺牲品,这些冲动驱使着他将其才华 滥用于诸多无价值的项目上,尽管如此,正是他的这种漫无节制的行为使他名 噪一时,因为他那十足的恣意放纵的劲头常常令旁观者瞠目结舌。 We realized that John was still young and impressionable, but were nevertheless surprised at his----. naivete obstinateness decisiveness ingeniousness resolve ------------------------ 答案:(A) impressionable: a.易受影响的,敏感的,可塑的 nevertheless: adv.仍然,依然 conj.然而,但是 naivete: n.天真,幼稚,轻信 obstinateness: n.顽固,倔强,不让步,难以对付 decisiveness: n.1.决定性 2.确定,明确 3.坚定,果断 ingeniousness: n.1.灵巧,足智多谋 2.精巧,巧妙 resolve: n.1.决心,决定 2.(会议的)正式决定,决议 我们意识到约翰依然年轻且易受影响,但尽管如此,我们仍对他的幼稚深感惊讶意外。 The poet W. H. Auden believed that the greatest poets of his age were almost necessarily irresponsible, that the possession of great gifts----the ----to abuse them. negates.. temptation controls.. resolution engenders.. propensity tempers.. proclivity obviates.. inclination ------------------------ 答案:(C) necessarily: adv.1.必要地,必需地 2.必然地,必定 irresponsible: a.1.不承担责任的,不需负责的 2.无责任感的,不可靠的 gift: n.1.礼物,赠品 2.赠送 3.天赋,才能 abuse: v.1.滥用,妄用 2.虐待,辱骂,毁谤 negate: v.1.否定(认) 2.取消,使无效 temptation: n.1.引诱,诱惑 2.诱惑物 3.试探 resolution: n.1.决心,决意 2.(会议的)决议 3.(法院的)裁决 4.分解,解析 engender: v.使产生,使出现,造成,引起 propensity: n.倾向,习性,癖好 temper: v.1.锻炼 2.调和,使缓和 proclivity: n.坏的癖性,倾向 obviate: v.1.排除,消除 2.避免,使成为不必要 inclination: n.1.倾向,爱好,癖好 2.趋向,趋势 诗人W·H·奥登相信,他那个时代最伟大的诗人几乎不可避免地都不负责任,拥有横溢 的才华造成滥用这些才华的倾向。 Intellectual----and flight from boredom have caused him to rush pell-mell into situations that less----spirits might hesitate to approach. restlessness.. adventurous agitation.. passive resilience.. quiescent tranquility.. versatile curiosity.. lethargic ------------------------ 答案:(A) adventurous= Intellectual restlessness and flight from boredom hehe,好像米国人都有颗adventurous躁动的心。喜欢restlessness不乐意boredom。 flight(from): n.逃跑,溃退 boredom: n.厌倦,乏味,无聊 pell-mell: adv.1.乱糟糟地 2.忙乱地,匆忙地 3.不加区分选择地 spirit: n.(具有特定品质的)人物 agitation: n.1.搅动,摇动,震动 2.激动,不安,焦虑 3.鼓动,煽动 resilience: n.1.弹性,灵活性 2.恢复力,适应力 quiescent: a.1.静止,沉寂的 2.(昆虫)静止期的,休眠的 tranquility: n.1.平静,安宁 2.稳定,平稳 versatile: a.1.多才多艺的 2.多功能的,多用途的 3.易变的,反复无常的 lethargic: a.1.昏睡的,没精打采的,呆滞的 2.催人入眠 心智方面的焦躁不安,加诸对无聊厌倦的逃避,致使他仓促匆忙地一头扎入到 那样一些情形中,而那些较缺乏冒险精神的人面临这些情形则有可能踌躇犹豫 ,避而远之。 William James lacked the usual----death; writing to his dying father, he spoke without---- about the old man's impending death. longing for.. regret awe of.. inhibition curiosity about.. rancor apprehension of.. eloquence anticipation of.. commiseration ------------------------ 答案:(B) impending: a.即将发生的,逼近的 awe: n.1.(对神的)敬畏,(对权势的)畏怯,(对壮观景象的)惊奇,惊吸 2.恐惧 inhibition: n.1.抑制,阻遏 2.压抑,禁忌 curiosity: n.好奇(心),求知欲 rancor: n.深仇,积怨,憎恶,敌意 apprehension: n.忧虑,担心,恐惧,疑惧 eloquence: n.雄辩,流利的口才,说服力,生动流畅 anticipation: n.1.预期,期望,预料 2.(出于直觉的)预感,预知 commiseration: n.同情,怜悯,哀掉 威廉·詹姆斯全无常人对死亡所怀有的恐惧心理;在致信给他垂死的父亲时,他毫无顾 忌地谈及老人日趋逼近的死亡。 Lizzie was a brave woman who could dare to incur a great danger for an adequate ----. risk combat object event encounter ------------------------ 答案:(C) incur:v.招致;遭受 risk: n.危险,风险 combat: n.战斗,斗争,格斗 object: n.1.实物,物体 2.对象 3.目的,宗旨 4.客体,客观 encounter: n.1.邂逅,遭遇 2.冲突,遭遇战 莉齐乃一勇敢女性,敢于为着某一充分的目标而去冒巨大的风险。 Certainly Murray's preoccupation with the task of editing the Oxford English Dictionary begot a kind of monomania, but it must be regarded as a ---- or at least an innocuous one. tame tendentious meretricious beneficent sincere ------------------------ 答案:(D) preoccupation: n.1.抢先占据 2.全神贯注 3.使人入神之事物 beget: v.产生,引起,招致 monomania: n.1.单狂,偏狂 2.狂热 innocuous: a.1.无害的 2.无伤大雅的 3.平淡乏味的,无关紧要的 tame: a.1.驯化的 2.安全无害的 3.淘气的,倔强的 meretricious: a.1.华而不实的,俗艳的 2.欺骗性的 3.娼妓的 beneficent: a.1.行善的,慈善的 2.有效果的,有益的 毫无疑问,默蕾全身心地扑在编纂《牛津英语词典》的任务上,这已导致而成 为一种偏执狂热,但此证必须被视作一种颇有裨益的、或者至少是无害的病证 。 Most people are shameless ---- where the very rich are concerned, ---- curious about how they get their money and how they spend. it. prigs.. secretly critics.. endlessly voyeurs.. insatiably exhibitionists.. blatantly ingrates.. selfishly ------------------------ 答案:(C) 看褒贬 shameless: a.恬不知耻的,无耻的 where…are concerned: 就…而言,在涉及…时 prig: n.1.一本正经的人,自命不凡的人,道学先生,学究气的人 2.讨厌的人 voyeur: n.1.偷看下流场面的人 2.刺探秘密者,窥视他人隐私者 exhibitionist: n.好出风头者,有裸露癖者,有自我表现狂者 ingrate: n.忘恩负义者 insatiably: adv.不能满足地,贪得无厌地 blatant: a.1.吵嚷的,喧哗的 2.炫耀的,显眼的 在涉及到巨富阔佬时,绝大多数人都是些恬不知耻的探密者,对富人如何赚钱 及如何花钱贪得无厌地充满了好奇心。 Perhaps----, since an ability to communicate effectively is an important trait of any great leader, it has been the ---- Presidents who have delivered the most notable inaugural addresses. predictably.. exceptional invariable.. famous undeniably.. indomitable reciprocally.. traditionalist impractically.. influential ------------------------ 答案:(A) communicate: v.1.传达,传递,传播 2.传染 3.显露 effective: a.1.能产生(预期)结果的,有效的 2.给人深刻印象的,显著的,有力的 trait: n.1.特征,特性 2.一点,少许 deliver: v.1.投递,运载 2.交出,放弃 3.发表,宣布 4.释放,解救 inaugural address: n.就职演说(讲) predictably adv.可以预料地 exceptional: a.1.例外的,异常的,罕见的,特殊的 2.卓越的,优异的 invariably: adv.不变地,一律地,毫无例外地 undeniably: adv.1.无可争辩地 2.公认优秀地,无懈可击地 3.不可拒绝地 indomitable: a.不屈服的,不气馁的,不服输的 reciprocally: adv.1.相互地,交互地 2.互惠地,相互补偿地 impractically: adv.不切实际地,无法实现地 influential: a.1.有影响的 2.有权势的 可许可以预料的是,既然有效表述思想的能力是任何领袖人物的一个重要特征 ,因此,只有那些出类拨萃的总统才能发表最为引人瞩目的就职演说。 Without seeming unworldly, William James appeared wholly removed from the----of society, the conventionality of academe. ethos idealism romance paradoxes commonplaces ------------------------ 答案:(E) unworldly: 1.非世俗的,精神上的,脱俗的 2.天真的,不谙世故的 conventionality: n.因袭性,俗套,恪守常规,习俗,惯例 academe: n.学院,学术界 ethos: n.1.社会(或民族、时代、文学作品等)的精神特质 2.性格,气质 idealism: n.1.理想主义 2.〔哲〕唯心主义,唯心论,观念论,理念论 romance: n.1.浪漫故事(或作品),离奇事件 2.浪漫性,传奇性,浪漫精神 paradox: n.1.似非而是的隽语 2.自相矛盾的荒谬说法 3.怪事,怪人 4.逆说,悖论 commonplace: n.1.平凡,陈腐,普通,无创见 2.平常话,寻常事物,平庸的东西 3.老生常谈,陈词滥调,寒暄客套 尽管并非显得超凡脱俗,但威廉·詹姆斯似乎全然脱离了社会的陈腐俗套,学 术界的习俗惯例。 -- ※ 来源:·BBS 水木清华站 smth.org·[FROM: 166.111.165.171] |
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