发信人: brownpage (刚刚), 信区: EnglishTest
标  题: 类比分类总结（注解） version 2.0
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Sun Mar  4 14:42:45 2001)

类比分类总结（注解）
作者：brownpage
感谢对本文中的类比的解释有过贡献的所有朋友！
这里对No.题、国内题、最新题、pp2及一些机井里出现的
类比进行了分类总结，对于稍难的都进行了注解。注解的
解释大部分都是查过韦氏词典的。这本来是我在准备gre时
自己在笔记本上做的总结，觉得对大家可能会有一些用处
，所以就抽了些时间敲出来。因为目前在网上有的一些类
比总结大都是按字母排序的，而且往往不全。这里的类比
应该算是很全的，我打算把笔试部分的所有题目，包括其
中的一部分选项都整理进去，台湾机井我没有整理进去，
因为nine做的总结已经非常的好了。不过事实上台湾机井的
一部分类比也在以前的真题里出现过。
这些类比的注解大部分都是很简单的，只是为方便刚接触
类比不久或刚刚入门的g友们而写入。另外有一些很精彩的
我做了标记，对于马上要考g的朋友来说，只要有重点的看
一下自己觉得生疏的就可以了。
本人才疏学浅，尽管想尽量做的好一点，但肯定还是会有
很多的错漏之处，还请大虾们指正。当然，有时候有些类
比很难确切的归到某一种关系，所以我想真正弄懂题目本
身的对应最重要，归类次之。
这篇总结是为广大G友们准备的，所以我不想任何人通过她
来谋取利益。大家可以随意阅读、打印、评注，但不得用
于任何商业用途。
（一）组成关系
1. singer: choir :: actor: cast (choir 合唱团，cast 演员阵容）
2. tile: mosaic :: stitch: sampler ( 二重对应：皆有图案感）
3. fish: school :: birds: flock : cattle ::herd (school 鱼群）
4. wire: filigree :: thread : lace ( 二重对应：皆有图案感)
5. groove: striated :: strand : braided ( groove 条形槽，
striated 刻有条纹的; strand 绳子的一股，braided 编成的）
6. island: archipelago:: fish: school
7. symbols: rebus :: notes: score (notes音符，score 乐谱）
8. clay: porcelain :: flax: linen (flax亚麻，linen纱布）
9. ceramic: mosaic :: cloth: patchwork(拼接物) :: wood:
parquetry
10. paragraph: essay :: clause: sentence
11. paragraph: prose :: stanza: poetry
12. instrumentalist: orchestra :: actor: troupe(演员剧团）
13. bacterium: colony(菌落):: citizen: nation
14. numbers: array :: soldiers: formation(阵列) (皆规则排列)
15. numbers: matrix :: atoms: crystal
16. pebble: gravel:: person: crowd (杂乱)
17. explosives: barrage(弹幕) :: rain: deluge(大暴雨) (皆有幕
的感觉)            ！精彩！
18. turns: zigzag :: image: montage(蒙太奇作品) ( 皆有突然
切换的感觉)
19. vehicles : armada :: projectiles: fusillade(枪林弹雨)
20. flowers : bouquet :: logs: woodpile (皆有一根一根集成一
束的感觉)   比较：trees : forest
21. line: stanza :: issue（杂志的一期）: volume(一卷)
22. stanza : poem :: act(话剧的一出) : opera
23. securities（有价证券）: portfolio(一个人所拥有的有价
证券的总称） :: reports(files) : dossier :: teachers : faculty ::
customers: clientele （注意都是后者是前者的总称，且前者
可数复数，后者不可数）
24. voter: electorate（选民全体）:: instrumentalist: orchestra
25. soldier: army:: element: compound
26. word : charade（字谜）:: story: mime（滑稽喜剧）
27. pillar: colonnade:: person: queue:: tone(note): chord
    (chord: three or more musical tones sounded
simultaneously)
28. entries(journal 里的一篇文章): journal :: performance: run
（一组节目）
29. skit: revue (skit 小讽刺剧，revue时事讽刺剧，组成关系
需查韦氏：revue: a theatrical production consisting typically
of brief loosely connected often satirical skits, songs, and
dances)
30. ice: glacier:: water: sea
31. retainer: retinue( a group of retainers) :: witch: coven(女巫
聚会)
32. tree: forestry :: flower: horticulture
33. intimates: clique:: sheep:flock
（二）种属关系
1. alcove: recess（缺陷的总称）:: dome/thatch: roof :: turret:
tower
2. subsidy: support :: debt : obligation （前者范畴小，后者
范畴大，且均为财政范畴，二重对应）
3. lullaby: song :: diatribe: discourse
4. four-poster: bed :: convertible: automobile
5. portrait: painting :: biography: history （且都是对人的描写
）
6. mercenary（雇佣兵）:soldier :: hack（雇佣文人）: writer
7. discography（唱片目录）: list（目录）:: hoe: tool
8. trumpet（小号）: horn（号角）:: tambourine（架子鼓）:
drum
9. limerick : poem :: lampoon: satire（其实lampoon: article更
好些，但上面是ets的答案）
10. salt: seasoning（调味品）
11. flint（打火石）: stone
12. tulip: bulb（块茎植物）
13. tourquoise: gem :: violet : flower
14. calcium: mineral :: sugar: carbonhydrate
15. jazz: music :: portraiture（肖像画）: painting
16. apple: fruit :: wool: fabric
17. butterfly: insect :: metaphysics: philosophy
18. knife: cutlery（刀具）
19. pun（双关语）: joke :: termite: insect
20. coin : denomination（币值单位）: house : architecture
21. dart: missile :: skiff: boat
22. ostrich: bird :: tiger: cat（猫科动物）
23. allergy: reaction :: lancet（柳叶刀）: instrument
(lancet: 1 : a sharp-pointed and commonly 2-edged surgical
instrument used to make small incisions)
24. suitcase: luggage:: hat: millinery
25. kangaroo: marsupial:: squirrel : rodent
26. parable: story:: homily: lecture
(homily: a moral lecture)
27. jog: exercise :: barter（易物贸易）: trade
28. tang: tooth :: finger: digit
29. affidavit: statement :: wedding: ceremony  （且正式）
（三）动宾关系
1. nurture: child :: cultivate: crop
2. accelerate: speed :: prolong: duration
3. equivocate: commitment:: procrastinate:action
4. carve: turkey :: slice: cake
5. revise（润色、修改）: manuscript :: retouch（装饰、润
色）: picture
6. disseminate: information:: foment : discontentment
7. subpoena: witness :: conscript（强制征兵）: soldier（双
重对应：强行叫来）
8. strike: medal :: mint（铸造）: coin
9. abdicate: throne :: resign: office
10. assess: value :: plumb : depth
11. expedite: process :: accelerate: pace
12. illustrate: pictures :: particularize: details
13. obstruct : progress :: stunt（阻碍生长）: growth
14. blow : horn :: pluck（拨琴）: harp（竖琴）
（四）消除关系
1. quench/ extinguish : fire
2. mitigate: severe:: qualify: general （qualify使有资格，就能
消除一般性）
3. assuage: sorrow:: dampen（泼冷水）: ardor
4. ballast: instability:: purchase（支点）: slippage
5. muffle: sound :: assuage: grief
6. perturb: serenity:: reassure: doubt
7. sterilization: micrograms:: deforestation: trees
8. antidote:poison:: tonic（补品，兴奋剂）: lethargy
9. renounce : pledge:: rescind :order
10. expiate: guilt :: correct: error
11. slake: thirst :: satiate: hunger
12. detoxification: poison:: neutralization: acid
13. coutermand（撤销订货）: order :: revoke（吊销）
:license（执照）
14. illuminate: darkness :: educate: ignorance （无知对黑暗
，对的何等的精彩！）
15. pesticide: insect :: herbicide: plant
16. alloy: purity :: thin: density
17. mollify: anger:: hearten: dejection
18. clarify: misunderstand :: retract: erroneous
19. tedious: energy :: disturbing: composure
20. dissolved: clot :: dispersed: crowd （双重对应：clot 和
crowd都有一团的感觉）对比：disengaged: chain
21. retract : statement :: repeal : legistration
22. rescind: law :: withdraw: candidacy（候选人资格）
23. slacken: tension :: rarefy: density/concentration :: blunt:
sharpness
24. winnow（扬场，除去谷糠）: chaff（糠皮）:: filter:
impurities （双重对应：都是除去不好的东西）比较：skim
（去油）:cream（油脂，好东东）
25. curtail: duration :: simplify: complexity
26. slacken: tautness :: dilute: strength
27. lubricate: abrasion :: seal : leakage
28. embellish : austere :: adulterate: pure
29. anxious: reassurance :: perplexed: clarification
30. discompose: pacific :: fabricate: authentic
31. expiation: guilt :: repose: fatigue
32. abate: tax :: alleviate: distress
33. exempt（免除责任）: liability :: pardon: penalty
（五）缺乏关系
1. albino（白化病）: pigment :: prairie: tree
2. foolish: discretion :: impecunious: money
3. illiteracy: education:: inequity: redistribution
4. interregnum: government :: hibernation: activity
5. suffocate: oxygen :: starve: nutrients
6. flag: vigor :: waver: resolution
7. flip: respect :: nonchalant: concern
8. boundless: limit :: impeccable : flaw
9. specious: genuineness :: illusory: reality:: impulsive:
deliberation
10. neophyte: experience :: boor :sensitivity
11. melodrama: subtlety（细微差别）:: chimera: authenticity
（注：melodrama音乐剧，通过对于善恶、好坏的强烈对比
来表现矛盾，因而缺乏细微差别。）
12. sterile: bacteria :: impeccable: flaws
13. doldrums: energy :: depravity（堕落的人）: virtue
14. apathetic: emotion :: imprudent : discretion
15. impeccable: fault :: unblemished: imperfection
16. disjointed（脱节的）: coherence :: banal :originality ::
nondescript: hallmark （明显特征）
17. amorphousness（无定型）: definition（清晰的轮廓）::
lassitude : energy
18. insipid : invention :: prosaic : imagination
19. offensive: tact :: poor : money
（六）事物及其功能
1. ballast : stability :: girder: support
2. foot: perambulate :: eye: observe
3. glue: seal :: manure（肥料）: fertilize
4. blurb（大肆宣传）: notice :: gloss : explanation
5. blazon: adorn
6. splint: immobilize :: duct（水渠）: convey
7. ruler: measure :: scale（秤）: weight :: yardstick（码尺）:
length :: gauge（气压计）: pressure
8. die（模具）: shaping :: drill : boring
9. parenthesis: explanation :: apostrophe: omission :: ellipsis:
omission :: asterisk: annotation :: caret : interpolation
（注：这是几个标点符号的功能）
10. grandstand（正面看台）: impress :: equivocate:
deceive/mislead
11. autobiography : reminisce :: eulogy: praise
12. colander : drain
13. tonic: stimulate :: analgesic : deaden（缓和）:: sedative:
pacity :: antiseptic : sterilize
14. pillory: ridicule :: guillotine: execute
15. stockade（畜栏）: enclosure :: pillar : support
16. pestle: grind :: spoon: stir
17. bacteria : decomposition :: yeast（酵母）: fermentation
18. sponge : absorbe :: caulk（填缝的东东）: seal
19. subterfuge（托词）: deceive :: decanter : pour
(decanter : a vessel used to decant or to receive decanted
liquids)
20. microscope: small :: telescope: distant
21. emollient: suppleness :: desiccant: dryness
22. tourniquet : blood :: dam: water （前者用来止住后者）
23. evidence : corroborate :: falsehood: calumniate
24. bolster : support :: tackle: hoist
(tackle:  an assemblage of ropes and pulleys arranged to gain
mechanical advantage for hoisting and pulling)
25. stylus（唱针）: mark :: lamp : illuminate
26. thermometre: temperature :: compass : direction
27. shunt（转向器）: divert :: brake : retard
28. sacrifice : worship :: augury: prediction
（七）目的关系
1. study: learn :: search : find
2. mercenary（唯利是图的）: money :: vindictive : revenge ::
belligerent : fight（且皆为心理范畴）
3. hoax: deceive :: filibuster: delay  （这个很重要！）
4. tender: acceptance :: exhibit : inspection
(tender: to present for acceptance)
5. stratagem : deceive :: concession :  placate
6. mediation: compromise :: prosecution （起诉）:
conviction （定罪）
7. fertilize: grow :: immunize : resist
8. blandishment: coax :: medal : honor
9. distill: purity :: leaven（发面）: volume
10. pretense: deceive :: admonition : reprove
11. oppose : thwart :: treat: cure
（八）正面特征
1. skirmish: insignificance :: duel: formality （西方人认为决斗
就是正式的）
2. pundits: authoritatives :: partisan: allegiance
3. gush: effusive :: rage : irate
4. labyrinth : tortuous :: ornament: decorative :: pageant:
splendid
5. aphoristic : terse:: hyperbolic: exaggerated
6. mutter: indisdinct :: drone: monotonous （重要！）
7. faultfinder: criticize :: arbitrator: mediate
8. pest: irksome :: expert: proficient
9. coward: craven :: dupe: gullible
10. diplomat : tact :: inventor : ingenuity
11. declamation（夸张的演说）: grandiloquence :: diatribe（
长篇攻击性演讲）: abuse
12. flexibility: limber :: frailty（脆弱）: spindly
(spindly : frail or flimsy in appearance or structure)
13. whim（幻想）: capricious（异想天开的）:: fact:
objective
14. instigator: incite :: bully: browbeat
15. numb: insensible :: burnish（抛光）: lustrous（有光泽的
）
16. gadfly: annoying :: churl : rude
17. marsh : sodden :: desert :arid
18. adhesive（粘合剂）: tackiness（粘性）:: scalpel:
sharpness
19. hiss : sibilant :: drone: monotonous
20. sycophant : flattery :: extortionist: intimidation :: maverick:
noncomformity
21. synopsis: condensed :: appendix : supplementory
22. stealth: furtive :: caprice :whimsical
23. banter: playful :: hyperbole: exaggerated
(banter: to speak to in a witty and teasing manner)
24. elegiac: sorrow :: devotional（虔诚的）: reverence
25. toleration: countenance :: objection: demur
26. proctor: supervise :: prodigal : squander
27. redoubtable: awe :: despicable : contempt
28. panegyric: eulogize :: lampoon: satirize
29. ardently: passion（激情）: haltingly（吞吞吐吐的）:
reluctance                       ！精采！
30. zealot: fervor :: philanthropist: benevolence :: spendthrift:
improvidence
31. pernicious: injure :: disingenuous: mislead
32. conspirators: collusion :: partners: cooperation
33. vernacular: place :: jargon: profession
34. endemic: region :: inborn（与生俱来）: individual
35. ennui（倦怠）: listless :: rebellion: defiant
36. paean: joy/praise :: dirge : grief
(paean: 欢乐颂，表达欢乐或颂扬之情）
37. dilettante: superficiality :: partisan: bias
38. altruist: selflessness :: connoiseur : expertise
39. cornucopia: abundance :: mace : authority
40. daredevil : audacity :: malcontent: dissatisfied
41. stickler（坚持细节的人）: exacting（严格的）::
defeatist （失败主义者）: resigned（辞职的，退隐的）
42. vaudeville（综艺表演，杂耍表演）: variety
43. placebo: innocuous :: salve（油膏）: unctuous（油脂的
）
44. juggernaut（摧毁一切的强大力量）: crush :: quisling:
betray
45. martial（好战的）: military :: runic: mysterious
46. swing（秋千）: vacillation :: scooter（单脚滑行车）:
momentum
47. chiaroscuro（明暗对比）: contrast :: tapestry: intricacy
48. exhortation: motivate :: invective: discredit
49. palmy（繁荣的）: prosperity :: draconian（严格的）:
severity（严格）
50. veto : prohibitive :: overture: introductory :: caveat: warning
(veto: an authoritative prohibition;
  overture: the orchestral introduction to a musical dramatic
work;
  caveat: a warning enjoining one from certain acts or
practices)                       （重要！）
51.teaching : didactic :: urge: exhortive
52. generality: ecumenical :: integrity : entire  （重要！）
53. philanthrope: eleemosynary（慈善的，施舍的）
54. imperial: significant :: grotesque（奇形怪状的人或物）:
fantasy
55. glutton: overindulge :: ascetic: self-deny
56. pundit: opine（发表意见）:: augur: prediction
57. alibi（辩解）: exculpatory :: warning : admonitory
58. patronize: condescension :: deride : mockery
（重要！）
59. malestrom : turbulent :: mirage: illusory
60. polemic: disputatious :: invective: abusive
61. cipher: cryptic :: precis : concise
62. parsimony: miser :: rebelliousness : insurgent
63. narcissist: self-absorbed :: sycophant: obsequious
64. palatable: savory :: discernible: manifest
65. skimp: parsimonious :: shirk（逃避）: indolent
66. caviler: carping :: libertine: licentiousness
67. amenity: comfortable :: honorarium: grateful
68. bootless（无用的）: futility :: effulgent（光辉灿烂的） :
resplendence
69. coma: unconsciousness :: delirium: confusion
70. conducive: foment :: tonic: invigorate
71. digress: excursive :: reiterate: redundant
72. dodder（走路不稳）: unsteady :: cavort（腾跃）:
sprightly（轻快的）
73. exponent : advocate :: pollster（民意调查家）: canvass
（细致调查）
74. didactic: instruct :: comic :amuse
75. venerable: reverence :: despicable: scorn
76. scoop（勺子）: concave（凹陷）:: spatula: flat :: beater:
round
77. venial（可宽恕的）: excuse :: pellucid :understand
78. bromide: hackneyed
(bromide: a:  a commonplace or tiresome person : BORE  b :
a commonplace or hackneyed statement or notion)
79. burlesque: mockery
80. exemplary（值得仿效的）: imitation :: culpable（有罪的
）: blame :: notable（值得注意的）: attention :: redoubtable:
regard
（九）反面特征
1. fawn: imperiousness :: equivocate: directness
2. audacious: trepidation :: laconic: volubility
3. decrepit（衰败的）: vitality（生机勃勃）
4. coward: brave :: philanthropist : selfish
5. truculent（残忍的，野蛮的）: gentleness :: unregenerate
（死不悔改的）: remorse（悔改）
6. taciturn: chatter（喋喋不休）:: magnanimous: begrudge
7. frank: secretiveness :: honest: mendacity
8. democratic: autocracy :: callow : maturity
9. indecorous（无礼的）: propriety:: boorish（粗鄙的）:
sensitivity（敏感性）
10. yokel（乡巴佬）: sophistication（世故）:: coward :
courage
11. dingy（昏暗的）: glisten :: slippery: adhere
12. partisanship: disinterested :: probity（正直、廉洁、诚实
）: venal（贪污的，腐败的）
13. circular: asymmetrical :: protean（变化无常的）: rigid
14. shiftless（得过且过的）: ambition :: ingenuous :guile
15. anomaly: paradigmatic :: blemish: flawless
16. terseness: superfluous :: spontaneity: studied（造作的）
17. miser: munificent :: zealot: blase（厌烦于享乐的）
18. dour（阴沉的）: geniality :: bumptious（自大的）:
humbleness
19. precarious: stability :: spent（失去效能的）:efficacy
20. rigid: bend :: buoyant: submerge
21. eccentric: conventional :: doyen（老前辈）: uninitiated
22. craven: admirable :: deft :awkward
23. ingenuous: dissemble :: raffish: preen :: polite :snub
24. hard-liner（不妥协者）: compromise :: laudable:
depreciate（贬低）
25. frivolous（轻浮的）: gravity（严肃）:: brash（冒失无礼
的）:discretion
26. genteel: vulgarity :: intrepid : fear
27. snub: politeness :: dissemble :honesty
28. abstemious: indulge :: austere: decorate
29. euphemism: offense :: aphorism: diffuse
30. labyrinthine: simplicity :: jejune（无趣的）: interest
31. amorphous: shape :: errant/wandering :course
32. bigot: tolerance :: turncoat（背叛者）: constancy
33. default（拖欠）: pay :: yield: resist
34. immature: developed :: incipient/inchoate: realized
35. maverick: conformity :: renegade : loyalty :: extrovert :
reserve
36. perfunctorily : inspiration :: insolently: veneration
37. exorbitant: moderation :: perfidious : loyalty
38. reticent: speak :: parsimonious: spend
39. alchemy: science :: nostrum : remedy
40. stupor: alert :: despair: hopeful
41. renegade: allegiance :: apostate: faith
42. bigot: tolerance :: liar: honesty
43. abstemious: indulgence
44. abandon（放纵）: inhibition :: tranquility: agitation
45. profligate: solvent（有偿债能力的）:: mercurial :
committed（受约束的）
46. ascetic: indulge :: libertine: restrain :: liberal : stint
47. pluck: quit :: pride: grovel
48. inevitable: chance :: absolute: variability
49. stickler: approximation :: purist: adulteration
50. equivocation: truth :: obfuscation : clarity
51. vegetarian（素食主义者）: meat :: hermit: society
52. contumacious : authority :: hidebound/conservation:
change/ innovation/novelty
（十）动作及其表达内心思想感情
1. blush: dicomfited（困窘的）:: sneer: contemptuous ::
gloat（幸灾乐祸）: smug（自鸣得意）
2. exult（狂喜）: satisfaction :: crave（翘首以待，望眼欲穿
）: longing（渴望）
3. cower: fear :: rant（咆哮，怒吼）: anger
4. swagger（趾高气扬）: bravado（虚张声势，假勇）::
caress（爱抚）: affection
5. snub: disdain :: double-cross: disloyalty
6. gripe/complain: discontent :: praise: admiration
7. obeisance: submission :: embrace: affection
8. wince（因疼痛而退缩）: pain :: smile: pleasure :: pout（
噘嘴）: displeasure
9. kneel: submission :: nod :assent
10. shrug: indifference
11. scorn: reject :: adulate: flatter
12. apologize: contrite :: compliment: impressed
（十一）同义词
1. flourish: thrive :: rot :decay
2. contiguous: abut :: simultaneous: coincide
3. compendium: summary :: anthology: collection
4. circumspect: prudence :: urbane : polish
5. opportune: convenience :: impermanent : transience
6. agrarian: farming :: arboreal : trees
7. embarrass（使不安，使痛心，阻止）: mortify（使痛心
，使悔恨） :: indulge : mollycoddle
8. furtive : surreptitious :: incisive : trenchant
9. verbose: prolix :: penury : poverty
10. stratum: layer
11. homogenization: uniform :: putrefaction: rotten
12. frugal : penurious :: compliant: obsequious
13. tightfisted（小气的）: parsimonious :: brattish（淘气的
）: mischievous
（十二）容易关系
1. testy（易怒的）: annoy :: tractable: control
2. evanescent: disappear :: pliant: yield
3. fragile: break :: flammable: burn
4. authoritative: acceptance :: conspicuous: attention
5. volatile: evaporate :: soluble: dissolve
6. friable: crumble :: malleable: alter
7. gullible: chicanery :: servile: domination
8. conspicuous : see :: transparent: understand
（十三）因果关系
1. odious: disgust :: menacing : fear
2. sedative: drowsiness :: anesthetic : numbness
3. macabre: shudder（两股战战）:: hilarious: laugh
4. astringent: pucker（起皱）:: spark（火花）: ignition
5. folding: crease（折痕）:: perforating: hole
6. scuff（磨损）: abrasion :: heat : vaporization
7. tarnish: dull :: vitrify: smooth
8. odious: repugnance :: minatory（有威胁的）:fear
9. droll （引人发笑的）: laugh :: grisly（可怕的）: flinch（畏
缩、退却）
（十四）动作及其结果
1. expand: volume :: ascend : height :: proliferate: number
2. enfranchise（给予选举权）: vote :: illuminate（启蒙）:
see（明白）
3. exercise: strong :: read : knowledgeable
4. attack: vanquished :: goad : provoked
5. subtraction（减法）: remainder（余数）:: evaporation:
residue
6. polish: lustrous :: refine: pure
7. collapse: volume :: attenuate: thickness
8. torque: rotation :: traction: elongation :: centrifuge:
separation              （重要！）
9. evaporate: vapor :: petrify: stone
10. inflate : burst :: pull : tear
11. overexposed: jaded :: vaccine: immune
12. diverge: apart :: traverse: across
13. friction: abraded :: dehydration: desiccated
14. coagulant: thicken :: solvent: dissolve
（十五）can't be
1. invincible（不可征服的）: subdued :: impervious（固若金
汤的）: damaged
2. astounding（令人惊奇的）: expect :: indelible : forget
3. indecipherable : decoded :: unmanageable : controlled
4. intractable: manage :: phlegmatic: provoke
5. incorrigable（不可救药的）: reformed（被改造的）::
inscrutable（难以理解的）: understand
6. indelibility: erasure :: impermeability: passage ::
illegibility:reading
7. untenable（防守不住的）: defended :: inevitable:
avoided:: invulnerable: injured
8. wary: gulled :: vigilant: ambushed（中埋伏的）
（重要！）
9. prohibitive : purchase :: peremptory（武断的，强制性的
）: dispute
10. ephemeral : endure :: inelastic :stretch
11. impenetrable: pierce :: rigid: stretch
12. implacable: appease :: indomitable : subdue
13. incorruptible: bribe :: insensible: affect
14. unexceptionable（无懈可击的）: oppose :: unique:
precedent
15. inexorable: dissuasion :: indomitable :conquest
16. anonymous: identity :: nonchalant: exite
17. immutable: altered :: implacable : propitiated
18. unflappable（不易惊慌的）: upset :: obstinate: persuade
19. foolproof（万无一失的）: fail :: airtight: leak
（十六）程度关系
1. bright: glaring :: loud : deafening
2. disapproval: castigation :: irreverence : blasphemy
3. complain: carp :: drink: guzzle:: savor : gulp
4. troubled: distraught（心神狂乱） :: covetous: rapacious
　　　　（重要！）
5. fire: inferno（熊熊大火）:: storm: hurricane
6. esteem（尊敬、尊重）: adoration
7. talkative: garrulous :: sweet : cloying（甜的发腻的）
8. interest: fascination :: fondness: adoration
9. moist（潮湿的）: sodden（湿透的）:: surprised:
astonished
10. cold: galacial :: deep: profound
11. small : minuscule :: moist : saturated（湿透的）
12. irk: enrage（使暴怒）:: calm: soothe :: suggest: urge
13. tint（微染）:suffuse（浓染）::damp（使潮湿，熄灭）:
quench（淬灭，压制）
14. pleasure: ecstasy :: surprise: astonishment
15. sip: swill（牛饮）: nibble: gobble :: mince（小碎步）:
stride
16. sip: quaff :: skim: delve :: whiff（轻轻吹）: blast
17. dark: stygian（阴森的） :: low: abysmal
（注： abysmal有极深的和极低的两重意思，所以它的程度
类比可以是low也可以是deep）
18. willfulness: headstrong :: subservience : fawning
19. admire: lionize（视为名人）:: despise: vituperate（责骂
）
20. activity: industriousness :: selectivity: fastidiousness
21. observe: scrutinize :: question: grill（拷问）
22. enthusiastic: zealous :: devoted: idolatrous
23. frugal : miserly :: confident: arrogant :: courageous:
foolhardy（鲁莽的）
24. expenditure: extravagance :: talk: loquatiousness
25. request: importune :: inquiry: pry
26. pride: hubris :: praise: flattery
27. admirer: fanatic :: adherent: zealot
28. desire: covetous :: spend :prodigal
29. reprove:reprimand（严斥）:: blame: censure
30. reproach: upbraid（责备） :: like: dote（溺爱）
31. relevant: crucial :: perceptible: obvious
32. attentive（殷勤的，无微不至的）: officious（过分殷勤
的，爱管闲事的） :: refined（举止优雅的）: snobbish（东
施效颦的）
33. patriotic: chauvinistic :: receptive: gullible
34. piccadillo: sin :: admonishment: castigation
35. glimmer（微光）: dazzle（眩目）:: murmur: resound（
大声说话）
36. involve: entangle :: question: grill
37. devoted: zealous :: careful: fastidious
38. suggest: exhort :: direct :goad
39. interested: agog :: careful :meticulous
40. trickle: gush ::warm: sear（烧焦）
41. ditch（小峡谷）: canyon（大峡谷）:: burrow（小山洞）
： cavern（大山洞）
42. cleft（小裂缝）：chasm（大裂缝） :: cut: gash（很深
的伤口）
43. bad: atrocious :: important : momentous
44. enthusiasm: mania :: suspicion: paranoia
45. tolerance: inured :: dependency: addicted
46. disagreeable: hateful :: harmful : lethal
47. fear: terror :: desire : craving
48. mishap: catastrophe :: embarassment: humiliation
49. criticize : nitpick :: object : cavil
（十七）**：正常
1. lope: run :: drawl: speak    （慢:正常）
2. babble/mumble: talk :: scribble: write   （胡乱:正常）
3. doggerel: verse :: burlesque（滑稽剧）（滑稽: 正常）
4. prate（闲扯）/chat: speak :: saunter（闲逛）:walk ::
amble: move :: ramble: travel :: doodle（闲画）: draw（闲:正
常）
5. lurk: wait :: hoard/secrete: save/store :: abscond: depart ::
shadow（偷偷跟随）: follow :: steal/pilfer: take  :: collude
:cooperate :: smuggle : convey（偷偷:正常）
6. twig: limb :: brook: river :: inkling（蛛丝马迹）: indication ::
misdemeanor: crime :: lapse: error :: foible/glitch: fault/flaw ::
piccadillo : error/sin/offense :: quibble（小反对）: objection
:: minutiae（小细节）: details :: nuance: distinction :: hint:
suggestion  :: gadgets: tools :: trinkets :jewelry :: ringlets（小
卷发）: curl  :: vestige（小遗迹）: remainder :: figurine :
statue   :: tiff : quarrel
（小: 正常）
7. prodigy :person :: miracle :occurence   （奇: 正常）
8. infiltrate（渗透）: enter :: insinuate: say  （觉察不到:正常
）
9. cohabit（同居）: reside :: conspire: plot （共同: 正常）
10. cacophony: sound :: glare: light  （刺: 正常）
11. contract : implode（内爆，剧减）:: descend: plummet（
暴跌）　　　　（正常：突然）
12. anecdote: story :: skit : play   （有趣：正常）
13. grow: burgeon（发芽，快速成长）:: beat : palpitate
（正常: 快）
14. simper（傻笑）: smile :: babble（说傻话）: talk
（傻: 正常）
15. chuckle（小声的笑）: laughing :: whisper: speaking
（小声: 正常）
16. tamper（干涉，乱改）: adjust （错误:正常）
17. oath: promise :: contract : agreemaent  :: command:
request :: summon: invite :: stipulate（约定）: propose ::（正
式: 正常）
18. hemorrhage（大出血） : bleeding :: vertigo : dizziness ::
coma: unconsciousness :: delirium : confusion （医学用语:
正常）
19. pirate: take :: forge: copy    （非法: 正常）
20. colossus（巨大的石像）: figurine :: boulder（巨石）:
pebble       （巨大:正常）
21. slur（含糊不清的讲）: speech :: smudge : writing
（含糊: 正常）
22. lug: carry :: trudge（艰难跋涉）: walk      （费力:正常）
23. croon: sing :: murmur: speak    （轻声: 正常）
24. nibble : eat :: jot（摘记） : write 　　　（少: 正常）
25. squall: commotion :: flash : illumination     （短时间:正常
）
(squall : a short-lived commotion)               ！精采！
26. blustering : speak :: swaggering : walk     （大: 正常）
27. cabal : association :: plot :plan          （秘密:正常）
28. chip: stone :: shard: glass/pottery :: crumb: cake ::
fragment : bone               （碎片:正常）
29. grape: raisin :: plum : prune            （正常: 干）
30. peroration: speech :: coda: sonata  :: epilogue: play ::
dessert（餐后甜点）: meal （结尾: 正常）
31. prologue : play :: salutation : letter
      prologue : novel :: preamble :statute     （开头: 正常）
（十八）人物及其工具、加工对象
1. painter: canvas :: sculptor: marble
2. miller: grain :: tanner : hide
3. refinery: petroleum :: forge: metal
4. quarry: rock/marble :: mine: ore
5. surgeon: scalpel :: astronomer: telescope:: nurse: syringe
6. philatelist: stamps :: numismatist: coins
7. carpenter: saw :: tailor :scissors
8. connoiseur: art :: gourmet :cuisine
9. cartographer: map :: weaver: cloth :: lexicographer:
dictionary
10. spelunker（洞穴探险家）: cavern :: diver: ocean  （且都
有潜进去的感觉）
（十九）完整: **
1. apple : skin :: melon : rind               （完整:皮）
2. mammal: epidermis :: conifer : bark  : tooth: enamel（珐琅
质）　　　　　　　　　（完整:皮）
3. oak: leaf :: pine:needle   （完整:叶）
（二十）形容词修饰名词
1. grating: sound :: fetid: smell :: ugly: appearance
2. stridency : sound :: garishness : appearance
3. pungent: odor:: caustic: comment
4. frenetic: movement :: fanatical : belief
5. graceful : movement :: euphonious: sound ::
articulate:speech
6. bravura（精彩的）: performance :: resplendent:
appearance
7. redolent : smell :: piquant（辛辣的，褒义）: taste
8. laconic: speech :: austere: design
9. volatile: temper:: ready（随机应变的）: wit
10. random : pattern :: digressive: topic
（二十一）其他
1. 支撑支持
    strut（飞机的支杆）: wing
    spoke （辐条）: wheel
    buttress: wall
    skeleton: body
    pillar: ceiling
    bone: body
    girder（钢大梁）: skyscraper
    framing（构架）: building
    tripod（三脚架）: camera :: easel（画架）: canvas
2. 保护
    bodyguard: person :: soldier: country
    varnish: wood :: wax : linoleum（油毡）  （且都有光泽感
）
3. 家
    corral : horses :: coop: chicken    （且都有人造之意）
4. 覆盖
    tablecloth: table :: sheet : mattress
    fresco: wall :: parquetry: floor     （且有图案感）
    petroglyph（岩石雕刻）: rock :: mural : wall    （且有图案
感）
5. 安排
    choreography（舞蹈编排）: dance
    plot : story
    syllabus（教学大纲）: course
    agenda: meeting
    program（节目单）: concert
    itinerary（旅行计划）: travel
    repertoire（剧目单）: performance
6. 基础
    foundation: house :: pedestal（基座） : statue
7. door: room :: hatch（船舱盖）: hold（船舱）
8. pitch: sound :: color: light
（注: pitch音调，由声音的频率决定；color由光的频率决定
）　　　！精采！
9. web: spider :: nest: bird
10. bird : snare（捕鸟的陷阱） :: fish: seine（捕鱼的网）
11. flute（笛子）: reed（簧片）:: guitar : chord
12. pigment: color :: spice（调味品）: flavor（风味）
13. hover: plunge :: crouch: spring :: flutter: fly
（注: 动物的准备过程及最后一击。hover老鹰盘旋，plunge
俯冲；crouch猫蹲伏，spring弹起；flutter鸟拍打翅膀)
14. tornado: air :: whirlpool: water :: dimple: muscle
（注：air打转形成tornado（龙卷风）, water打转形成
whirlpool （漩涡）, muscle打转形成 dimple（酒窝））
15. plutocracy（财阀统治）: wealth :: aristocracy（贵族统治
） : birth（血统） :: gerontocracy（老人统治） : age
16. supplant: replace :: snatch: take     (forcefully)
17. exhibition: painting :: concert: symphony
18. hem（折领）: garment（成衣）::  ruffle（皱折）: shirt ::
molding（衣柜装饰）: cabinet    （装饰作用）
19. quarantine: contagion :: embargo: commerce
20. badger: bother:: belabor: mention
（badger是不断的bother, belabor是不断的mention ）
21. rostrum: orator :: bench（法官席）: judge
（人物及其活动范围）
22. congruent: dimensions :: coeval : age :: coincident :time
（congruent是dimensions相同，coeval是age相同,
coincident 是time 相同。）
23. snake: slither :: duck : waddle :: hawk :hover
24. snake : hiss :: frog: croak
25. water: swim :: snow: ski
26. fuse: dynamite :: wick（灯芯）: candle
27. envelope: letter :: crate（柳条筐）: product（农产品）::
wardrobe: tuxedo（晚礼服）:: mailbox: mail :: hamper（有盖
提篮）: laundry（待洗的衣服）
28. overdose: prescription :: indiscretion: convention
（违背关系）
29. hammer: anvil :: pestle: mortar （均有加工东西之意）
30. adult : child :: horse: colt/pony :: cat: kitten
31. horse: mare（母马） :: swine（一般的猪）: sow（母猪
）
32. glossary: text :: legend :map   （解释说明）
33. outskirts: town :: margin : page
34. listen: recording :: view: photograph
35. censorship : information :: sanitation: disease
（注: censorship新闻检查制度，检查information; sanitation
卫生防护措施，检查disease）
36. egg: chicken :: roe :salmon
37. deluge: droplet :: landslide: pebble    （大量落下）
38. epitaph: tombstone :: motto :shield
39. interview（面试）: applicant :: audition（试演，试唱）:
actor/singer
40. improvement : mastery（熟练）:: savings: wealth ::
praticing: expertise :: exercising: strength   （增加）
41. census: population :: inventory: goods/merchandise
       log: ship :: diary: person                   （记录）
42. children: pediatrics :: skin: dermatology :: disease :
pathology :: weather: meteorology（气象学）:: sermon:
homiletics（布道学）:: teaching : pedagogy（教学法）::
argument: logic :: nerve : neurology :: beauty: aesthetics ::
knowledge: epistemology （认知学） :: moral（个人的道德
准绳） : ethics
（研究）
43. earplug: noise :: shield : impact    （阻挡）
44. inauguration: official :: matriculation :student
45. conductor（乐队指挥）: instrumentalist :: director（电影
导演）: actor
46. conductor: score（乐谱）:: director: script（剧本）
       conductor: composer :: director: playwright（剧作家）
47. mine shaft（矿井）: lode（矿脉）:: well: aquifer（蓄水
层）
48. repatriate: emigration :: repeal: ratification（批准）
49. voice: quaver（颤抖）:: hand: tremble
50. voice: shout :: hand: clutch
51. emigrate: exile :: enlist: conscript         （强制）
52. iconoclast: dogma :: maverick: convention
53. dagger: scabbord :: pistol : holster（手枪皮套）
54. astrology: astronomy :: alchemy: chemistry （前身）
55. malapropism（用词不当）: verbal :: gaffe（社交失态）:
social
56. decibel : sound :: lumen: light
       calories: heat :: gallons: liquid         （单位）
57. synonymous: meaning :: interchangeable: function
(synonymous : have the same meaning;
  interchangeable: have the same function.)
58. stream: eddy（漩涡）:: trend :anomaly
（精采！　stream水流，trend潮流: 好好体会一下其中的感
觉。）
59. deport: nation :: expel: school
60. deportation: country:: eviction: dwelling
61. latency: response :: incubation: disease    （潜伏:发作）
62. locomotive（火车头）: flatcar :: tagboat : barge
（牵引）
63. epaulet（肩章）: shoulder :: ring : finger
64. cistern: liquid :: landfill（垃圾场）: refuse
65. resolute: will :: zeal : conviction （强烈的意志导致果断，
强烈的信念导致狂热）
66. remuneration（报酬）: service :: retaliation（报复）:
injury
67. rider（附文）: bill（单据）:: endorsement（背书，赞同
）: policy（保险单）
68. measly: contemtibly :: puny: weakly
( measly: contemptibly small;
  puny: small and weak. )
69. evade: answer :: goldbrick（称病，偷懒）: work
70. gear: tooth（齿）:: screw : thread （螺纹）
71. heirloom（传家宝）: ancestor :: bequest（遗产） :
testator（立遗嘱之人）
72. goggles（护目镜）: eyes :: gloves : hands :: earmuff（
耳罩）: ear
73. glaze : porcelain :: varnish :wood   （使有光泽）
74. artery: plaque（血小板）:: channel : silt  （堵塞）
75. curiosity: know :: wanderlust : travel      (want to)
76. repartee: retort :: debate :: issue
（repartee为巧妙的应答）
77. attorney: disbar（逐出律师界）:: student: expel
78. breezeway: building :: stairway : floor
79. pore: membrane :: door : wall
80. inception: termination :: matriculation: graduation
81. clog（阻塞）: drainage（排水装置） :: stalmate（僵局
）: negotiations
82. larder: provisions :: vault（地窖）: valuables
83. spoke: hub :: radius: center
84. construct : remodel :: compose : edit
85. apostrophes: word :: ellipses: sentence
（前者表示省略了后者）
86. mosquito : netting :: impurity: filter
87. irresolute: opion :: malleable: shape
88. observatory: astronomy :: conservatory : music
89. liken（把…比作）: similarity :: discriminate : difference
90. museum: artifact :: archive : document
91. law : criminality :: consensus : factionalism  （制止）
92. alliterate（压头韵）: remove :: blazon（装饰）: efface
（前者都是可以去掉的装饰）
93. miscalculation: judgment :: gaffe: decorum
94. topic: digression :: course : deviation
95. vessel : blood :: pipeline: gas
96. earshot（听力所及范围）: hear :: ken（视野）: see
97. nepotism（裙带关系）: relative :: cronyism（任用亲信）
: friend
98. placebo: painkiller :: backdrop: vista
（placebo安慰剂，是假的painkiller; backdrop舞台背景，是
假的vista ）
99. article: byline（有作者名字的那一行）:: movie: credits（
演员表）
100. bit（钻头）: drill :: blade: razor
101. command: entreaty :: goad : enticement
（硬: 软）
102. coronation: reign :: wedding: marriage
103. crest（波峰）: wave :: summit/peak: mountain
104. doctrine: heretical :: course : errant
105. dose（剂量）: medicine :: ration（配给）: food

--
Study while you study,
Play while you play.
That's the way
To be happy and gain.

※ 来源:·BBS 水木清华站 smth.org·[FROM: 166.111.174.13]

BBS 水木清华站 - 社会信息 - EnglishTest (英语教室)版(进版画面 \| 添加到收藏夹 \| 我的百宝箱 )
EnglishTest(英语教室) 版
版主诚征版主中
在线 8 人	文摘区 \| 精华区 \| 版内查询


[返回顶部] [刷新] [同主题模式] [普通模式] [版内查询]