发信人: sudidi (纤柔彩梵), 信区: EnglishTest
标  题: I can not talking about NCE(unit 28)
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Tue May  6 23:10:51 2003), 转信

Lesson 28 Patients and doctors
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Kenneth Walker
Patients and doctors

※About the author:
Kenneth Walker(1882–1966)
Kenneth Walter—a gifted surgeon—first met P. D. Ouspensky in 1923.
He studied and practiced the ideas of Gurdjieff from that time until his
death in 1966. A prolific author, his Venture with Ideas and A Study of
Gurdjieff's Teaching provide valuable introductions to Gurdjieff's ideas.
***********************************************************

SARS肆虐的日子，这篇文章读来真是深有感触。既不能讳疾
忌医，也不能盲目投医，不讲科学。作者行文深入浅出，举
例饶有趣味，值得大家好好学习。

***********************************************************

This is a sceptical age, but although our faith in many of the things in
which our forefathers fervently believed has weakened, our confidence
in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine remains the same as
theirs. This modern faith in medicines is proved by the fact that the
annual drug bill of the Health Services is mounting to astronomical
figures and shows no signs at present of ceasing to rise. The majority
of the  patients attending the medical out-patients departments of our
hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they
are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the shape of
a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment, and the
doctor in charge of the department is only too ready to provide them
with these requirements. There is no quicker method of disposing of
patients than by giving them what they are asking for, and since most
medical men in the Health Services are  overworked and have little time
for offering time-consuming and little-appreciated advice on such
subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits
etc., the bottle, the box, and the jar are almost always granted them.
Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in
the bottle of medicine. It is recounted of Thomas Carly1e that when he
heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Taylor, he went off  immediately
to visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of
medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle's.
Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket contained,
of the nature of the illness from which his friend was suffering, and of
what had previously been wrong with his wife, but a medicine that had
worked so well in one form of illness would surely be of equal benefit
in another, and comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to
his friend, he hastened to Henry Taylor's house. History does not relate
whether his friend accepted his medical help, but in all probability he
did. The great advantage of taking medicine is that it makes no demands
on the taker beyond that of putting up for a moment with a disgusting
taste, and that is what all patients demand of their doctors----to be
cured at no inconvenience to themselves.
***********************************************************

Words：

1.skeptical
adj.
Marked by or given to doubt; questioning:
怀疑的有或产生怀疑的特征的；有问题的：
a skeptical attitude; skeptical of political promises.
怀疑的观点；对政治上的许诺产生怀疑
Relating to or characteristic of skeptics or skepticism.
怀疑论的有关怀疑论（者）的，或以怀疑论（者）为特点的
我们经常使用的短语是
be skeptical about 对……产生怀疑
相似意思的用词有：
distrustful
doubtful
juberous
————————————————————————————

2.curative
i. adj.
Serving or tending to cure.
有疗效的治疗起作用的或有疗效的
Of or relating to the cure of disease.
治疗的治疗的或与治疗有关的
ii. n.
Something that cures; a remedy.
药物治疗疾病的东西；治疗法
相关的短语大家不妨记一记：
beyond cure 不可救药
cure-all 百宝丹
magic bullet 魔药
————————————————————————————

3.prescribe
v.tr.
i.To set down as a rule or guide; enjoin.
指定，规定作为规则或指示确定下来；责令
ii.To order the use of (a medicine or other treatment).
规定嘱咐（某药或其它疗法）的用法
v.intr.
iii.To establish rules, laws, or directions.   建立规定，法律或指示
To order a medicine or other treatment.  开处方，给医嘱
To assert a right or title to something on the grounds of prescription.
因法定期限完结取得权利
iv.To become invalidated or unenforceable by the process of
prescription.
因法定期限完结而丧失权利或不可执行
同一个词根的相关词汇有
inscribe
subcribe
description
inscription
————————————————————————————

4. hasten
v.intr.
i.To move or act swiftly.快速移动或行动
v.tr.
ii.To cause to hurry.使赶紧
iii.To speed up; accelerate: 加速；加速：
fanned the wet paint to hasten drying.
扇湿画以加速其干的过程
很有名的中国成语，欲速则不达，不妨这么翻译：
More haste and less speed.
***********************************************************
Sentences and Expressions：

1.This is a sceptical age, but although our faith in many of the things in
which our forefathers fervently believed has weakened, our confidence
in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine remains the same as
theirs.
Notes：
i. 第一个句子就是一个完整的句型，可以看出一共有三个谓语
成分，所以需要搞清楚其中的关系。事实上，这一句就是全
文的topic sentence,阅读时可以敏感的看出这一句表明了现在人
们的普遍看法，扫描下文可以发现，并没有出现新的转折，
而基本上都是在例证这一观点，所以可以放心的视之为全文
的ts.
ii. but although 的结构，两个连词并列，所以至少出现谓语动词
。
iii.从这一句也可以看书作者的英文功底，在三个分句中为了
表示“信任，相信”的时候，分别使用了believe in ,faith in ,
confidence in。意思是相同的，却使用不同的短语，值得好好
揣摩。
iv. the same as theirs，这里的theirs是指confidence。
————————————————————————————

2. The majority of the  patients attending the medical out-patients
departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate
treatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible
remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar
of ointment, and the doctor in charge of the department is only too
ready to provide them with these requirements.
Notes:
i. out-patients departments 门诊
emergency 急诊
ii. in the shape of... 以这种形式
iii.pills, tablet,dose,ointment 都是各种各样的药品的形式
iv. the doctor in charge of the department  主任医生
v. only too ready to provide，非常乐意提供。在英语中too…to do
…的结构通常表示否定，但如果在前面加上only，就有“非常
……能做”的意思。
————————————————————————————

3.There is no quicker method of disposing of patients than by giving
them what they are asking for, and since most medical men in the Health
Services are  overworked and have little time for offering time-onsuming
and little-appreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and
the need for abandoning bad habits etc., the bottle, the box, and the jar
are almost always granted them.
Notes：
i.no＋比较级＝最高级
He could not come at better time. 他来得正是时候。
ii. dispose of patients 打发病人
iii.since 在句中表示原因
iv. right living＝regular life
————————————————————————————

4.Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith
in the bottle of medicine.
Notes：
i. nor ...引出例证，本文的下一部分主要是例证，议论文的举
例子的部分，而且很典型，最后有举例的总结，这种结构很
值得大家揣摩。
ii. nor is it 倒装句，nor强调上文，引出下文。
————————————————————————————

5.It is recounted of Thomas Carly1e that when he heard of the illness of
his friend, Henry Taylor, he went off  immediately to visit him, carrying
with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of medicine formerly
prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle's.
i.It is recounted of Thomas Carlyle…，据说，托马斯·卡莱尔……
（有下面这件事）。托马斯·卡莱尔(1795-1881),是十九世纪英
国著名的散文作家和历史学家。
It is recounted of sb.  据说某人。。。这是一个很标准的例证手
法
ii.carrying with him 带着
iii. what remained of 剩下的，在句中充当后置定语
iv.  an indisposition of sb.'s  强调唯一性
————————————————————————————

6.The great advantage of taking medicine is that it makes no demands
on the taker beyond that of putting up for a moment with a disgusting
taste, and that is what all patients demand of their doctors----to be
cured at no inconvenience to themselves.
Notes：
i. 最后总结，进一步说明对药的依赖和盲目信从
ii.make no demands on sb 对某人没有要求
beyond=except 除……之外
that 指代demand
iii.put up with，忍受
iv. 整个文章是观点——>例证，最常用的议论文方式，多多学
习。

这几天学了好几篇医学的文章，但愿SARS的阴影早日过去！
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